Nigeria adopted the Child Rights Act (CRA) in 2003 to domesticate the convention on the rights of children.
11 years down the line, only 16 of 36 states have domesticated the law to protect the rights of children.
The CRA defines a child as a person who has not attained the age of 18. The Act, while adopting the fundamental human rights as stipulated in the 1999 Constitution in addition, has 16 rights recommended to protect the lives of children.
These include rights to a name, survival and protection, dignity, parental care, protection and maintainance, freedom and universal primary education, freedom from discrimination, right to health and food among others.
Unfortunately, poverty, laziness by parents and even the absence of a political will by states to domesticate the CRA in their various states made it neccessary for children to engage in all kinds of jobs to support their parents. It was created to protect the child from all forms of abuse from the family and the society at large. However, it is obvious that this has not taken any effect in the country as many instances of child labour abound.
A young child, Abdul, said, “I have to work because my mother is poor. I go to school in the morning and when i return, i come to the quarry site to crush rocks. If i am lucky, i get between N300 and N1,500 a day.”
Another young child, Joe, is a child miner at Kwagiri village, Kaduna state. He told LEADERSHIP that he has been a rock crusher for two years and is happy doing it as he can support his mother and have some money in his pocket.
“I go to a government day secondary school, and after school hours, I come to the quarry site to crush small rocks in exchange for some money,” Joe said.
Kwagiri quarry is not the only site that allows children in. Various mines abound where children are seen in their droves crushing stones, hawking food, and in some cases kept as paid mistresses or prostitutes by old miners through the supervision of quarry madams.
Another victim of child mining is Halima who hawks food to workers in the mine even during school days. She told LEADERSHIP that she had to work to earn some money to support her father’s farming income and her mother’s petty business.
“I go to school at least three times a week but i like to come to the quarry because i get money to meet some of my small needs,” she revealed.
These cases are not much different from many other incidences of children labour and it is not only in mining that children are used as labourers. This also happens even in agriculture.
On a visit to Olam Rice farm in Nassarawa State, LEADERSHIP caught up with 13 year-old Gambo who through a translator said had never been in school. Asked how much he is paid for loading trailers in the farm, he said he earns between N500 and N1,000 daily and between N7,000 weekly. He will love to go to school, but his parents are both illiterate and can not afford it, he stated.
Helpful as this may seem, it is a terrible state of affairs where children take the responsibility of fending for their families or are expected to support them. they become the breadwinners instead of being protected against the deplorable society.No wonder there is an increase in child rape, child trafficking, slavery and cases of child abductions.
To curb this menace of child abuse, it is absolutely neccessary that states that have not domesticated the CRA be encouraged to do so. Children should not be sent hawking and crushing rocks when their mates are in school learning the basics of life through education. The FG should impose it on the states to ensure that the rights of Nigerian children are protected.
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